🧭 131 countries · 8 questions

Where should I study? Rank every country by what matters to you.

If you want to study abroad but haven't chosen where, start here. Tell us where you're from, what you can pay, the climate and language you'd like, how far you'll go, what you'd like around you and whether you want to stay and work afterwards — and we rank all 131 countries on this site by how well they fit.

What this ranks — and what it doesn't

Elsewhere on this site we never rank countries against each other, because each one measures cost and outcomes differently. This quiz is the exception, and it is careful about it: it ranks fit to your own answers, compares money in bands rather than precise figures, and every country keeps its own caveats and a link to its section. It does not rate universities and uses no government's travel advisories; countries with armed conflict on their territory in 2025, from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program's research data, are ranked lower, and their cards say why.

How the fit is worked out

Each factor scores from 0 to 1, weighted by how much you said it matters — tuition counts 3×, English-only 4×, living costs 3× if they matter a lot and 1.5× if a bit, climate and distance 2×, each interest you tick 1×, and work after study 3× if important or 1.5× if nice to have. The fit is the weighted average, out of 100. Where a country has no figure (Taiwan and Venezuela have no World Bank price level, for example), that factor takes the middle score of the countries that do, so a gap neither helps nor hurts; a tuition or work rule we haven't checked yet scores a neutral 0.5. Then the safety adjustment: the fit of a country at war is multiplied by 0.5, and of a country with lower-level armed conflict by 0.8 (below). Your home country is left out.

Tuition
What an international student typically pays for a bachelor's at a public university, in five bands: free (no tuition, or a registration fee under US$500 a year); low (under about US$3,000 a year); moderate (about US$3,000–10,000 a year); high (over about US$10,000 a year); varies (set by each university, with no typical figure). Each band is read from the country's own official source, linked on its card with the date we checked it. Choosing "free only" is the only answer that removes countries — and a country we haven't checked yet is kept, listed after the confirmed ones.
Day-to-day prices
The World Bank's price level (2013–2025): what the same basket of goods and services costs in dollars, from purchasing-power parities divided by the exchange rate. We compare the country with yours — on a ratio scale, so half your home prices and twice your home prices are equally far from "the same" — and show it as a band, never a precise figure. It is a national average for the whole economy; rent in a capital city can be far higher.
Climate
Country-average monthly temperatures, 1991–2020 (ERA5, from the World Bank's Climate Change Knowledge Portal). Cold winters: the coldest month averages below 0 °C. Warm: the coldest month averages 18 °C or more, or there is no real winter (10 °C+) and a hot summer (28 °C+). Mild: everything between. Countries of 1.5 million km² or more, or with peaks of 5,000 m or more, are marked "varies by region" — a national average hides the difference between Bogotá and the Caribbean coast.
Language
Official languages from Wikidata. If you want English only, countries where English is official rank highest; countries with English-taught programmes on this site's cross-country list come next; every other country stays in, marked "check English-taught options" — many teach some degrees in English that we don't yet list.
Distance and time difference
A straight line between capitals and the difference in standard time. "Close" scores fully up to 2,500 km and not at all from 5,000 km; "within about 8 hours' flight" fully up to 6,500 km and not at all from 10,000 km. We never quote flight times — routes and connections vary too much.
What's around you
Plain facts only: a coastline (Wikidata's landlocked countries have none), the highest point, the population of the largest city (World Bank), and the number of cultural and natural UNESCO World Heritage sites (Wikidata). Food, nightlife and "culture" are not scored — there is no fair source, and scoring them would mean stereotyping.
Safety: armed conflict
This one isn't a question — it always applies. From the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP, CC BY 4.0), we take the deaths in state-based armed conflict (fighting in which a government is one side) that UCDP's event data places inside each country's borders in 2025, the latest year it covers. 1,000 or more is shown as "war" and the fit is multiplied by 0.5; 25 to 999 is "armed conflict" and the fit is multiplied by 0.8; fewer than 25 counts as none. In 2025 that puts 14 of the 131 countries at war and 14 at armed conflict; each card says so, with the year. It counts where the fighting was recorded, not which governments took part. A country at war also loses the priority that confirmed free tuition otherwise gives. It does not count violence between armed groups with no government involved (such as gangs or cartels) or attacks on civilians outside a conflict, and it is not a travel advisory — we use no government's travel advisories. Palestine is read from the events UCDP places in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.
Work after study
Whether the government offers graduates a route to stay and work — yes, limited, no or unclear — from its own immigration rules, linked on each card with the date we read them.

All 131 countries

Sort by any column, or filter. Tuition and work-after-study rules are checked by hand against each government's own source. Climate is a country average; day-to-day prices are a band from the World Bank's price level (US = very high); armed conflict is UCDP's band for 2025 (see the safety factor above).

131 of 131 countries

Official languages
AfghanistanVariesVery low2020Varies by region-1 to 25 °CLandlocked7,492 m22 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearArmed conflict2025Pashto, Turkmen, Dari
AlbaniaLowLow2025Mild3 to 22 °CCoast2,764 m42 cultural · 1 natural · 1 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Albanian
AlgeriaLowVery low2025Varies by region12 to 35 °CCoast2,918 m76 cultural · 0 natural · 1 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Arabic, Standard Algerian Berber
AngolaVariesLow2025Warm20 to 24 °CCoast2,619 m11 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025Portuguese
ArgentinaVariesLow2025Varies by region7 to 22 °CCoast6,962 m127 cultural · 5 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
ArmeniaVariesLow2025Cold winters-6 to 18 °CLandlocked4,090 m33 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Armenian
AustraliaHighHigh2025Varies by region15 to 28 °CCoast2,745 m215 cultural · 12 natural · 4 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025English
AustriaLowHigh2025Cold winters-3 to 17 °CLandlocked3,798 m1211 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025German
AzerbaijanVariesVery low2025Mild0 to 24 °CLandlocked4,466 m54 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Azerbaijani
BangladeshLowVery low2025Warm18 to 29 °CCoast1,054 m32 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Bangla
BelarusVariesVery low2025Cold winters-4 to 19 °CLandlocked345 m43 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Russian, Belarusian
BelgiumModerateHigh2025Mild3 to 18 °CCoast694 m1615 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Dutch, French, German
BeninVariesVery low2025Warm25 to 31 °CCoast658 m32 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025French
BoliviaFreeLow2025Varies by region17 to 22 °CLandlocked6,542 m86 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish, Quechua, Guarani +1
Bosnia and HerzegovinaVariesLow2025Mild0 to 20 °CCoast2,386 m53 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian
BotswanaModerateLow2025Mild15 to 26 °CLandlocked1,491 m21 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English
BrazilFreeLow2025Varies by region24 to 26 °CCoast2,994 m2616 cultural · 9 natural · 1 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Portuguese
BulgariaVariesLow2025Mild0 to 22 °CCoast2,925 m107 cultural · 3 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Bulgarian
BurundiVariesVery low2025Warm20 to 22 °CLandlocked2,684 m00 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, French, Kirundi
CameroonVariesVery low2025Warm23 to 27 °CCoast4,095 m31 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025English, French
CanadaHighHigh2025Varies by region-21 to 14 °CCoast5,959 m2210 cultural · 11 natural · 1 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025English, French
ChileModerateLow2025Varies by region4 to 13 °CCoast6,893 m77 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
ChinaVariesLow2025Varies by region-8 to 20 °CCoast8,849 m6142 cultural · 15 natural · 4 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Mandarin Chinese
ColombiaVariesLow2025Varies by region23 to 25 °CCoast5,775 m96 cultural · 2 natural · 1 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025Spanish
Costa RicaModerateMedium2025Warm22 to 24 °CCoast3,820 m41 cultural · 3 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
Côte d'IvoireVariesLow2025Warm25 to 28 °CCoast1,752 m52 cultural · 3 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025French
CroatiaVariesMedium2025Mild2 to 22 °CCoast1,831 m108 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Croatian
CyprusModerateMedium2025Warm12 to 28 °CCoast1,952 m33 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Modern Greek, Turkish
CzechiaFreeMedium2025Cold winters-1 to 19 °CLandlocked1,603 m1716 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Czech
DenmarkHighHigh2025Mild2 to 17 °CCoast171 m106 cultural · 4 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Danish
Dominican RepublicVariesLow2025Warm22 to 26 °CCoast3,101 m11 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
DR CongoVariesLow2025Varies by region24 to 25 °CCoast5,109 m50 cultural · 5 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025French
EcuadorFreeLow2025Varies by region20 to 21 °CCoast6,263 m53 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish, Northern Quichua, Shuar
El SalvadorVariesLow2025Warm25 to 27 °CCoast2,730 m11 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
EstoniaVariesMedium2025Cold winters-4 to 18 °CCoast317 m22 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Estonian
EthiopiaVariesVery low2024Warm22 to 25 °CLandlocked4,533 m1210 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025Amharic
FinlandHighHigh2025Cold winters-8 to 16 °CCoast1,361 m87 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Finnish, Swedish
FranceModerateHigh2025Mild4 to 20 °CCoast4,806 m5647 cultural · 7 natural · 2 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025French
GeorgiaModerateVery low2025Varies by region-3 to 19 °CCoast5,193 m43 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Georgian
GermanyFreeHigh2025Mild1 to 18 °CCoast2,962 m5552 cultural · 3 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025German
GhanaModerateLow2025Warm25 to 30 °CCoast2,904 m22 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English
GreeceHighMedium2025Mild6 to 25 °CCoast2,918 m2118 cultural · 0 natural · 3 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Greek
GuatemalaVariesLow2025Warm21 to 25 °CCoast4,203 m43 cultural · 0 natural · 1 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
GuineaVariesVery low2020Warm24 to 29 °CCoast1,752 m10 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025French, languages of Guinea
HaitiVariesHigh2025Warm24 to 27 °CCoast2,674 m11 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025French, Haitian Creole
HondurasVariesLow2025Warm22 to 25 °CCoast2,849 m21 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
Hong KongHighHigh2025Warm16 to 29 °CCoast957 m00 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Chinese (Cantonese, written Chinese), English
IcelandVariesVery high2025Cold winters-3 to 9 °CCoast2,110 m31 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Icelandic
IndiaVariesVery low2025Varies by region17 to 30 °CCoast8,586 m4537 cultural · 7 natural · 1 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025Hindi, English
IndonesiaVariesVery low2025Varies by region25 to 26 °CCoast4,884 m106 cultural · 4 natural · 0 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025Indonesian
IranVaries—Varies by region5 to 30 °CCoast5,628 m3028 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025Persian
IraqVariesLow2025Mild9 to 36 °CCoast3,611 m65 cultural · 0 natural · 1 mixedUnclearArmed conflict2025Arabic, Kurdish language
IrelandHighHigh2025Mild6 to 15 °CCoast1,039 m22 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025English, Irish
ItalyLowMedium2025Mild4 to 23 °CCoast4,806 m6256 cultural · 6 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Italian
JapanModerateMedium2025Mild1 to 24 °CCoast3,777 m2722 cultural · 5 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Japanese
KazakhstanVariesVery low2025Varies by region-11 to 24 °CLandlocked7,010 m74 cultural · 3 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Russian, Kazakh
KenyaVariesVery low2025Varies by region24 to 27 °CCoast5,199 m85 cultural · 3 natural · 0 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025English, Swahili
KosovoVariesLow2025—Landlocked2,656 mNot a State PartyLimitedNone recorded, 2025Albanian, Serbian
KyrgyzstanVariesVery low2025Varies by region-13 to 13 °CLandlocked7,439 m32 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Russian, Kyrgyz
LatviaVariesMedium2025Cold winters-3 to 18 °CCoast312 m33 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Latvian
LiberiaVaries—Warm24 to 26 °CCoast1,440 m00 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025English
LibyaVariesLow2025Varies by region12 to 30 °CCoast2,267 m55 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Arabic
LithuaniaVariesMedium2025Cold winters-3 to 18 °CCoast294 m55 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Lithuanian
MadagascarVariesVery low2025Warm19 to 25 °CCoast2,876 m31 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025French, Malagasy
MalaysiaModerateVery low2025Warm25 to 26 °CCoast4,095 m64 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Malay
MaliVariesVery low2025Warm21 to 34 °CLandlocked1,153 m43 cultural · 0 natural · 1 mixedUnclearWar2025Fula, Bambara, Hassaniya Arabic +10
MexicoFreeMedium2025Varies by region15 to 25 °CCoast5,636 m3527 cultural · 6 natural · 2 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish, Nahuatl, Yucatec Maya
MoldovaVariesLow2025Cold winters-2 to 23 °CLandlocked430 m11 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Romanian
MongoliaVariesVery low2025Varies by region-19 to 20 °CLandlocked4,374 m75 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Mongolian
MontenegroVariesLow2025Mild0 to 20 °CCoast2,534 m43 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Serbian, Croatian, Albanian +2
MoroccoVariesLow2025Mild10 to 28 °CCoast4,167 m99 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Arabic, Tamazight (Berber)
MozambiqueVariesLow2024Warm20 to 27 °CCoast2,436 m21 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025Portuguese
MyanmarVariesVery low2020Varies by region19 to 27 °CCoast5,881 m22 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025Burmese
NamibiaVariesLow2025Mild16 to 25 °CCoast2,573 m21 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English
NepalVariesVery low2025Varies by region3 to 19 °CLandlocked8,849 m42 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Nepali
NetherlandsHighHigh2025Mild4 to 18 °CCoast322 m1211 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Dutch
New ZealandHighHigh2025Mild5 to 15 °CCoast3,724 m30 cultural · 2 natural · 1 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025English, Māori
NicaraguaVariesVery low2025Warm24 to 27 °CCoast2,107 m22 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Spanish
NigerLowLow2025Warm18 to 34 °CLandlocked2,022 m31 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025Hausa
NigeriaVariesVery low2025Warm25 to 30 °CCoast2,419 m22 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedWar2025English
North KoreaVaries—Cold winters-9 to 22 °CCoast2,744 m32 cultural · 0 natural · 1 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Korean, North Korean standard language
North MacedoniaModerateLow2025Mild0 to 22 °CLandlocked2,764 m20 cultural · 1 natural · 1 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Albanian, Macedonian
NorwayHighHigh2025Cold winters-6 to 13 °CCoast2,469 m87 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Norwegian, Sámi
OmanVariesLow2025Warm20 to 34 °CCoast3,018 m55 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Arabic
PakistanVariesVery low2025Varies by region9 to 29 °CCoast8,611 m66 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedWar2025English, Urdu
PalestineVaries—Mild12 to 28 °CCoast1,026 m66 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025Arabic
PanamaLowLow2025Warm25 to 26 °CCoast3,475 m63 cultural · 3 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
Papua New GuineaModerateMedium2025Warm23 to 24 °CCoast4,509 m11 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu
ParaguayVariesVery low2025Warm19 to 28 °CLandlocked842 m21 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish, Guarani
PeruVariesMedium2025Varies by region18 to 19 °CCoast6,768 m139 cultural · 2 natural · 2 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish, Quechua, Aymara
PolandModerateMedium2025Cold winters-1 to 19 °CCoast2,501 m1816 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Polish, Belarusian, Silesian +1
PortugalVariesMedium2025Mild9 to 23 °CCoast2,351 m1716 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Portuguese
QatarHighMedium2025Warm17 to 36 °CCoast103 m11 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Arabic
RomaniaModerateLow2025Cold winters-2 to 21 °CCoast2,544 m119 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Romanian
RussiaModerateLow2025Varies by region-22 to 16 °CCoast5,642 m3423 cultural · 11 natural · 0 mixedLimitedWar2025Russian
RwandaLowVery low2025Warm19 to 20 °CLandlocked4,507 m21 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, French, Swahili +1
SenegalLowLow2025Warm25 to 32 °CCoast531 m75 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025French, Wolof, Badyara +1
SerbiaVariesLow2025Mild0 to 22 °CLandlocked2,658 m55 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Serbian
Sierra LeoneVariesVery low2023Warm24 to 28 °CCoast1,945 m10 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, Krio
SingaporeHighMedium2025Warm26 to 28 °CCoast164 m11 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, Mandarin Chinese, Malay +1
SlovakiaFreeMedium2025Cold winters-2 to 19 °CLandlocked2,655 m86 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Slovak
SloveniaVariesMedium2025Mild0 to 20 °CCoast2,864 m53 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Slovene
SomaliaVariesVery low2017Warm25 to 28 °CCoast2,460 m00 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025Arabic, Somali
South AfricaVariesLow2025Mild11 to 23 °CCoast3,450 m127 cultural · 4 natural · 1 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, Tsonga, Zulu +8
South KoreaModerateMedium2025Cold winters-1 to 25 °CCoast1,947 m1715 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Korean
South SudanVariesLow2021Warm25 to 31 °CLandlocked3,187 m10 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedUnclearArmed conflict2025English
SpainVariesMedium2025Mild6 to 23 °CCoast3,715 m5044 cultural · 4 natural · 2 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Spanish
Sri LankaModerateVery low2025Warm25 to 28 °CCoast2,524 m86 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Sinhala, Tamil
SudanVariesVery low2022Varies by region20 to 32 °CCoast3,042 m32 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025English, Arabic
SwedenHighHigh2025Cold winters-6 to 15 °CCoast2,097 m1513 cultural · 1 natural · 1 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Swedish, Romani, Finnish +3
SwitzerlandVariesVery high2025Cold winters-4 to 15 °CLandlocked4,634 m139 cultural · 4 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025German, French, Italian +1
SyriaModerateVery low2022Mild7 to 30 °CCoast2,814 m66 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedArmed conflict2025Arabic
TaiwanModerate—Mild14 to 25 °CCoast3,952 mNot a State PartyPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Mandarin Chinese, Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka +1
TajikistanVariesVery low2025Varies by region-13 to 13 °CLandlocked7,495 m53 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Russian, Tajik
TanzaniaModerateVery low2024Varies by region21 to 24 °CCoast5,895 m73 cultural · 3 natural · 1 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, Swahili
ThailandVariesVery low2025Warm23 to 29 °CCoast2,565 m96 cultural · 3 natural · 0 mixedPost-study work routeArmed conflict2025Thai
TunisiaLowVery low2025Warm11 to 30 °CCoast1,544 m109 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Arabic
TurkeyLowLow2025Varies by region0 to 23 °CCoast5,137 m2220 cultural · 0 natural · 2 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025Turkish
TurkmenistanVaries—Mild2 to 32 °CLandlocked3,139 m54 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Turkmen
UgandaLowLow2025Varies by region22 to 25 °CLandlocked5,109 m31 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, Swahili
UkraineLowVery low2025Cold winters-3 to 22 °CCoast2,061 m97 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedWar2025Ukrainian
United Arab EmiratesHighMedium2024Warm18 to 36 °CCoast1,911 m32 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Arabic
United KingdomHighHigh2025Mild5 to 15 °CCoast1,345 m3529 cultural · 5 natural · 1 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025English, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic +1
United StatesHighVery high2025Varies by region-3 to 22 °CCoast6,190 m2814 cultural · 13 natural · 1 mixedPost-study work routeNone recorded, 2025English
UruguayFreeMedium2025Mild11 to 24 °CCoast514 m33 cultural · 0 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
UzbekistanVariesVery low2025Cold winters-2 to 29 °CLandlocked4,643 m86 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Uzbek
VenezuelaFree—Warm25 to 26 °CCoast4,978 m32 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025Spanish
VietnamVariesVery low2024Warm20 to 27 °CCoast3,147 m96 cultural · 2 natural · 1 mixedUnclearNone recorded, 2025Vietnamese
YemenVariesLow2013Warm19 to 31 °CCoast3,666 m54 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedUnclearWar2025Arabic
ZambiaVariesVery low2025Warm18 to 26 °CLandlocked2,339 m10 cultural · 1 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English
ZimbabweVariesMedium2025Mild16 to 25 °CLandlocked2,592 m53 cultural · 2 natural · 0 mixedLimitedNone recorded, 2025English, Tsonga, Chewa +12

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For what each country publishes about cost, graduate earnings and entry, see Study abroad: compare every country.

Sources

  • World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0): price level computed as the PPP conversion factor, GDP (PA.NUS.PPP) divided by the official exchange rate (PA.NUS.FCRF), same year, 2013–2025; population in the largest city (EN.URB.LCTY); surface area (AG.SRF.TOTL.K2); capitals.
  • World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal (CC BY 4.0): ERA5 0.25° monthly mean temperature and precipitation, country averages, 1991–2020. ERA5: Hersbach et al. (2020), Copernicus Climate Change Service.
  • Wikidata (CC0): official languages, highest point, landlocked status, capital coordinates, and 1,273 UNESCO World Heritage sites with their selection criteria — community-maintained, so counts can differ from UNESCO's list by a site or two.
  • IANA time zone database (public domain): standard-time offset of each capital.
  • UCDP, Uppsala Conflict Data Program (CC BY 4.0): Country-Year Dataset on Organized Violence within Country Borders and Georeferenced Event Dataset, version 26.1 — deaths in state-based armed conflict located within each country's borders, 2025. Davies, Pettersson & Öberg (2026), “Organized violence 1989–2025, and violent political protests”, Journal of Peace Research; Sundberg & Melander (2013), “Introducing the UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset”, Journal of Peace Research 50(4).
  • Tuition and work after study: each country's official source, linked on its card, checked between 2026-10-20 to 2026-11-12.

Changes we made: price levels, climate, distances and site counts are grouped into bands and combined into a fit score; temperatures are country averages; UCDP's death counts are grouped into three bands (war, armed conflict, none) that lower the fit. Nothing here is a World Bank, UNESCO or UCDP assessment.